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Hypercam 2.11 Serial

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2016-01-14

Bobo Patch

Main characters Bobobo-bo Bo-bobo. Voiced by: Takehito Koyasu Japanese, Richard Epcar English Bobobo-bo Bo-bobo ボボボーボボーボボ, Bobobōbo Bōbobo.

BoboPatch. BoboPatch. Means of Fusion. When Bo-bobo has difficulty with A-Block General Tokoro Tennosuke, Don Patch transforms into a small candy, which Bo-bobo.

This is an episode list for the anime series Bobobo-bo Bo-bobo. This list encompasses every episode, beginning with the original Japanese-language title as they aired.

Background. Bo-bobo as he appears in the anime. Bobobo-bo Bo-bobo is the cool and incomprehensible hero, swarthy and musclebound, sporting sunglasses and a large.

Bobobo-bo Bo-bobo ボボボーボボーボボ is the main character of a fictional manga and anime series by of the same name. In the final popularity poll of the series, Bo-bobo came in third overall, beneath Don Patch and Heppokomaru.

Bobobo-bo Bo-bobo

Bobobo-bo Bo-bobo ボボボーボボーボボ

Debut Manga :

Chapter 1

Debut Anime :

Episode 1

Appears in:

Anime and Manga

Seiyū Japanese :

Takehito Koyasu, Reiko Kiuchi young

Voice actor:

Richard Epcar, Mona Marshall Young Bo-bobo English

Frédéric Souterelle French

Regino Ramos Spanish

Massimiliano Plinio Italian

Oliver Siebeck German

Rui Quintas Portuguese

Nickname s :

Mr. Bo-bobo by Heppokomaru

Aliases:

Bo-boko

Bobobo-bo Bo-bobo Double Twin Mark II Second

Species:

Human

Classification:

Rebel

King of Hajikelists Former

Birthdate:

April 1

Age:

Part I: 27

Part II: 28

Height:

201 cm. 6 7

Weight:

112 kg. 247 lbs.

Gender:

Male

Blood type:

Eye Color:

Blue

Hair Color:

Blonde

Fist Skill:

Fist of the Nose Hair

True Theory Fist of the Nose Hair

Family

Background

Bo-bobo as he appears in the anime

Bobobo-bo Bo-bobo is the cool and incomprehensible hero, swarthy and musclebound, sporting sunglasses and a large golden afro. His hair is 24-karat gold but is usually said to be yellow or blonde; some viewers even argue about its true color. He is called Bo-bobo for short, as he refuses to let people call him Bo. He apparently has some control over an army of stuffed teddy bears which are seen in many of the earlier episodes. There is a large colony of tiny humans and humanoid boogers living in his nose, who sometimes aid him in battle. He also has two squirrels living in his afro.

Personality

Defining Bo-bobo s personality can be difficult. He is an unpredictable person, not even his allies are aware of what he will do next. However, when he is not involved with one of his antics, he manages to retain a semi-serious composure, though he is very sensitive; even the slightest put-down can make him depressive. Bo-bobo s personality becomes increasingly more serious when he is faced with strong opponents. Despite being the good guy of the series, he often beats up or tortures some of his allies namely Don Patch, Tokoro Tennosuke, and Dengakuman for being stupid or annoying. He is also a very powerful Haijekelist and makes a powerful team alongside Don patch and Tokoro Tennosuke. Because of this, he can act very goofy and unpredictable.

His personality shows different aspects depending on who he is talking with. His interactions with Don Patchm Tokoro and Dengakuman are usually goofy with him often using them as shields or weapons. He usually shows his serious nature with Softon and Hatenko. He cares very deeply for his friends despite his violent tendecies toward some of them for acting stupid.

Powers

Main Abilities

Bo-bobo fights with his nose hair using the Hanage Shinken 鼻毛真拳; Fist of the Nose Hair, sometimes called Super Fist of the Nose Hair, other times Snot Fo-You. This technique involves stretching out his nose hairs in order to whip or constrict his enemies. He is one of the few people who knows this technique, so he believes that it is sacred and that he shouldn t overuse it. Bo-bobo s odd personality comes from the fact that he is also a hajikelist. As such he is very random, making obscene, unpredictable actions used to confuse his enemies into submission. He is also known to have more techniques than any other character in the series.

Bo-bobo World

Main Article: Bo-bobo World

Attacks

Main Article: List of Bo-bobo s techniques

Original: Bo-bobo as he looked like at the start of the series. He wears a blue shirt and later gains an H necklace.

Bobobo-bo Bo-bobo Double Twin Mark II Second: A new version of Bo-bobo that appeared in the Z-Block arc.

Super Bo-bobo スーバーボーボボ : After training in a grocery store, Bo-bobo is given a new jacket that increases his powers. He must be wearing it if he wants its power.

Bo-bobo Anger MAX ver. ボーボボ怒りMAXVer. : During his fight with Rem, Bo-bobo reached the top of his anger and destroy Rem s Dream World.

Ganeme ガネメ : During his fight with Be-bebe, Bo-bobo accidentally unleashes a new power called Ganeme. While this word seems like gibberish, it is actually a modification of the Japanese word Megane メガネ, which stands for Glasses, with the first kana moved to the end creating this new word. This term originally appeared during a match between Bo-bobo and Z-Block Vice-Leader Kibahage, where Bo-bobo uses it to further confuse his opponent. However, it returns with a force against Be-bebe, when the afro warrior uses the term while flipping his glasses over to unleash a furious glasses-filled final attack. However, anyone, even allies, remotely near this form are vulnerable to being infected or even taken over by the power of Ganeme.

Revived Bo-bobo: After being killed by Bi-bibi, Bo-bobo finds deceased Hajikelist Landmine Dandy, who helps him by giving him a Landmine Ball to replace his destroyed hairball. In this form, Bo-bobo wears an open collared shirt, no under-shirt, and becomes more powerful than when he was wearing h

Shinsetsu Bobobo is super jacket.

Shinsetsu Form: A form only seen in Shinsetsu. After yanking out two of his nosehairs, Bo-bobo ascends to a new powerful form, where he gains a black jacket, with black fingerless gloves, and wears a see-through visor over his sunglasses. He gained this form after training with Torpedo Girl. In this state, Bo-bobo mainly attacks with powerful punches, and is able to pluck out his nosehairs and throw them like a javelin.

Hajikelist forms: as a hajikelist, Bo-bobo is able to make himself look like anything he can think of. He uses these throughout the entire series, and almost no hajikelist form appears twice. These include but are NOT limited to: a cabbage, a sardine, a small figurine, a squid, and a small van with his head on the front.

Fusions: Throughout the series, Bo-bobo meets a powerful opponent that he cannot defeat by himself. In order to overcome these obstacles, Bo-bobo fuses with one or two of his partners mainly Don Patch and Tokoro Tennosuke, in order to become more powerful. These fusions include, but are not limited to: BoboPatch, Denbo, and Tenbobo.

History

Young Bo-bobo

Young Bobobo

As a kid Bo-bobo first learned of his ability to hear the voices of hair. At age 7, he had three friends; Hatenko, Tokoro Tennosuke, and Gunkan Captain Battleship in the dub. His first mentor was Eboji, who taught him how every strand of hair was alive and doesn t like being teased. His second mentor was Master Juice a juice can, who taught him and Gunkan at the time. His family life wasn t so good because Bi-bibi and Ba-baba constantly bullied him. The only two siblings that really cared for him were Be-bebe and Bu-bubu.

There are two versions of what happened to Bo-bobo during the fall of the Hair Kingdom. In the anime, Bo-bobo was taken hostage by the hair hunters when his father, a humanoid-like hairball named TUYOSHI Pappy in dub, gave him up when the Hair Hunters came to their house Shortly afterward, Eboji, Bo-bobo s mentor, urged him to take on the Maruhage Empire. But in the manga, He and his father were launching escape pods, and they launched the last one with a hair hunter in it Bo-bobo calls it his miracle escape.

Bo-bobo and Gunkan both trained together in learning Hanage Shinken Fist of Nose Hair under Master Juice A juice can. Gunkan worked much harder than Bo-bobo did, but Bo-bobo was awarded the title of the true master of the Fist of Nose Hair because of his heritage in the Hair Kingdom, something that Gunkan did not have. On the day of the end of the Hair Kingdom, Gunkan stated that he was glad that the Hair Kingdom ended due to his lack of acknowledgment. This made Bo-bobo angry and their friendship ended. Sometime between this point and the start of the series, Gunkan became one of the Maruhage Empire s Four Heavenly Kings and directly opposed Bo-bobo in his quest to bring down the empire.

Rebellion Against the Maruhage Empire

Bo-bobo s first goal is to defeat the seven strongest blocks in the Maruhage Empire. He first starts with G-block and handles it s leader, Hagen, with little difficulty. His first partner Beauty, a small girl living near that area, and a living Pickle slice ask to join his group shortly afterward. Bo-bobo accepts Beauty but rejects the pickle, saying that he does not like pickles. Bo-bobo becomes well known to the emperor of the Maruhage Empire, but seeing him as small threat, he sends a few assassins after Bo-bobo. He also learns from one of the assassins, that his friend Battleship has now joined the Big 4. Bo-bobo handles the assassins all the same, by confusing them into submission with his Hajike skills, and striking them down with his Fist of the Nosehair. While attending a hajike festival he meets the hajikelist expert: Don Patch who appeared in the anime much earlier than in the manga, who was also a well known threat to the Empire. Though the two of them do not like each other at first, the two of them defeat Wig Block also known as H-block, and, after Don Patch finishes Grade School, set off to conquer C-Block and A-Block.

During his fight in C-block Bo-bobo, meets Babylon warrior Softon, and teenage rebel Heppokomaru Gasser in the dub. He also meets one of Gunkan s henchmen Kaebo, and despite learning of his rivals evil choices, he chooses to carry on with his mission to destroy A-Block. He is in for a surprise though, when the theme park base turns out to be led by his childhood friend, Tokoro Tennosuke. After resorting to his first fusion with Don Patch, Tennosuke is defeated, and A-block falls.

Yet, victory does not last long, for Gunkan returns to challenge Bo-bobo. He then turns Beauty into a doll and tells Bo-bobo to meet him in Puupuu City if he wishes to see her again. Bo-bobo realizes he will need more help than just Don Patch and Gasser, so he recrutes Tennosuke and Softon onto his team, and heads out to defeat Gunkan.

Pomade Ring

Bo-bobo finds Puupuu city in ruins, and Gunkan has made his base on a gigantic floating vessel called Pomade Ring. He and his small team board the vessel, but Bo-bobo boards it first while completely alone. While on board, he meets Suzu who, despite being Gunkan s second in command, is actually a nice girl. Once he and the rest of his team are back together, Gunkan makes them fight his elite, yet bizarre, minions. Only Bo-bobo actually manages to defeat his opponent, but luck comes in the form of Gunkan stupidly knocking his own fortress out of the sky. Once on the ground, Bo-bobo finds Beauty and turns her back to her old self. Softon informs Bo-bobo that Gunkan is a very powerful enemy and that Bo-bobo has a fatal weakness, that can only be mended by some last minute training in the World of Babylon. It is here that Bo-bobo finds his weakness: he does not have very many deadly attacks. Softon opens up the entrance to Babylon World which is located in a port-o-potty, so that Bo-bobo can train.

When he comes back to the real world, he starts his fight with Gunkan. The angry foe is still upset that Bo-bobo was chosen over him as next master of fist of nosehair, yet Bo-bobo s last move was the one that Gunkan could never master. Ashamed of himself, Gunkan reveals that he never wanted to help take over the world or to defeat Bo-bobo, he just wanted credit for all of his hard work. Crying now, Gunkan runs towards Bo-bobo, asking for forgiveness, but Bo-bobo strikes him down, saying that crying is not manly. He then leaves with Beauty, Don Patch and Heppokomaru.

Z-Block

Bo-bobo then proceeds to defeat every other organization of the Evil empire, all the while becoming a bigger threat to the Maruhage Empire s well being. While on the road, Bo-bobo meets Hatenko, one of his childhood friends. Hatenko directs them to some of the other bases nearby, one of which is Z-block, a base that is secretly stronger than A-block. Inside he meets Dengakuman, a short, white creature who only desires to make friends. Bo-bobo, feeling some sympathy for him, makes a gameshow where Dengakuman can make friends, but it doesn t work. After defeating Dengakuman, Bo-bobo tells him that he may come with them after he discovers what true friendship is.

Hajike Base

After the fall of Z-Block, Hatenko departs from the rebels for his own reasons. Shortly afterward, Bo-bobo sets his sights upon Hajike block. Inside, he not only meets up with Tennosuke, who has now joined the group permanently, but he finds teenage assassin Rice, who is also the King of Hajikelists. Rice originally wants to fight Don Patch, a former hajikelist king, but after the insane creature is defeated, Bo-bobo challenges him for the title. Rice s hajike skills are impressive, but Bo-bobo s hajike eventually wears him down and defeats him. The afro warrior is then rewarded with an H necklace, and the title of King of Hajikelists.

OVER s Castle

Victory does not last very long. They are immediately attacked by an assassin who serves OVER, one of the four Heavenly Kings. the assassin reveals that both Rice and Hatenko are infected with a curse mark, which will eventually drain them of their lives. Bo-bobo immediately heads for OVER s castle. Inside, the rebels fight their way through five of OVER s deadliest assassins, and meet up with Dengakuman again. Once Bo-bobo reaches the top floor, he is shocked to find that Battleship has been scalped by OVER. Bo-bobo angrily challenges the tyrant to a fight, not fully aware of the murderous fiends true power. After making him angry six times, OVER transforms into Torpedo Girl, who is just as murderous AND hates hajikelists with a passion. It takes a trip to Bo-bobo World, and the power of all nine planets to turn the torpedo back into OVER.

Hallelujah Land Holy Guacamole Land

But this only creates another problem. The castle can t take the enormous strain of power, and begins to collapse. Luckily, Suzu teleports the rebels, Gunkan, and even OVER out of the castle. She then informs Bo-bobo of Hallelujah Land, run by Halekulani, the last and strongest of the Heavenly Kings. Bo-bobo takes a train to the evil theme park, but once he arrives, he only wants to visit the rides. Being attacked by Halekulani s henchmen, and Softon rejoining the rebels eventually convinces Bo-bobo to put an end to Halekulani s reign. But the tyrant proves tougher than expected. He merely sits on his throne and attacks the rebels from a distance. Bo-bobo eventually forces him to fight seriously after dropping a gondola on his head. Halekulani tries to destroy them with his board game, but Bo-bobo counters it with his own board game knocking the tyrant senseless. But Halekulani isn t done yet; he merely gets back up now more crazier than ever and attempts to crush the rebels with his sheer power. Bo-bobo eventually puts an end to Halekulani by showing him seven days of the week in a normal persons life.

Cyber City

After Halekulani s downfall, Hallelujah Land is left without an owner. Bo-bobo, Tennosuke, and Don Patch try to take ownership, but leave the park in worse condition in a matter of minutes. Their fun comes to an end after they realize that Gasser has been kidnapped by one of the Six Electric Brain Warriors; six warriors that serve under Giga. Giga is not only the dictator of Cyber City, but he is also Tsurulina s right hand man and his equal in power. Suzu teleports everyone to the docks Cyber City is an island, and Bo-bobo and the gang take off. Suzu stays behind to bid them farewell. Their journey is stopped midway when Torpedo Girl returns for revenge. Luckily, she becomes infatuated with Softon, and instead decides to help them get to the city quicker. Upon arriving, the rebels fight off the Electric Brain Warriors one by one, until they reach Giga himself.

Giga reveals his sick intentions with Heppokomaru. He turns Heppokomaru into an abstract statue in order to satisfy his artistic nature. Bo-bobo and Torpedo Girl both drive Giga crazy and eventually defeat him despite his power, or so it seems. Giga gets back up and transforms into a hideous new form that increases his power. Bo-bobo attacks Giga with other forms of art, but this doesn t even begin to wear down the mad tyrant. Bo-bobo is eventually left with no other choices, but to break his Nosehair Seal. This gives Bo-bobo incredible power, but every time he uses a limb, it gets broken. Bo-bobo finally ends the fight by jumping into the sky and attacking Giga with the Sun, bringing the downfall of Cyber City once and for all.

Return of the Third Era

Bo-bobo and the gang set off to rest for a while, but are attacked by Maruhage soldiers. These soldiers, however, were from the third era of the Maruhage empire, over 100 years ago. After beating them, Bo-bobo realizes that his team will need more training if the want to defeat these new opponents, so he takes them to a shopping mall called Eternal that apparently serves as any warriors ideal training grounds. It is here that Bo-bobo discovers a new power. By training in a grocery store, he is given a new jacket, that powers him up into Super Bo-bobo. The team sets out for the third era s fortress which is another theme park built over Tennosuke s old A-Block. The rebels fight their way through the toughest generals that the hundred-year-old army has to offer, and finally find the old leader Tsuru Tsurulina III. This ancient dictator nearly conquered the world, save for two kingdoms, one of them being the Hair Kingdom. He could not stand up to the power of the Hair Ball a powerful part of the Hair Kingdom citizens that gave them all unnatural strength. Once he learns that Bo-bobo is a descendant of those people, he tries to steal Bo-bobo s Hair Ball. Things only get worse when Torpedo Girl turns back into OVER, who not only wants to destroy the emperor, but Bo-bobo as well. Bo-bobo somehow evades both of their attacks, and eventually annoys the mad leader so much, that Tsuru Tsurulina III tries to eat Bo-bobo who takes Don Patch with him because he doesn t want to go alone. He succeeds and gains enormous power, but at the cost of having a weird looking form. The emperor ignores his strange appearance, and continues on with his plan: the destruction of humanity. He never gets to though, as Bo-bobo and Don Patch eventually force their way out of his stomach. The duo and Tennosuke defeat Tsurulina III with a slide show of an average human s journey through life.

The Reverse Maruhage Empire

Bo-bobo finally decides to destroy the evil Tsuru Tsurulina IV once and for all. But on the way there, he is ambushed by one of the participants of the New Emperor Playoffs. Bo-bobo beats him easily, and decides to enter the playoffs himself. He isn t interested in becoming emperor, but this would be a great opportunity to defeat ALL of the empires forces and end the Maruhage Empire once and for all. Though he defeats most of the competition, he learns of a new enemy called the Reverse Maruhage Empire, yet his first priority is to win the tournament. He comes very close to winning the tournament, but the Reverse Empire leader Hydrate dethrones Czar IV before Bo-bobo can. Seeing them as an evil threat like the first empire he vows to defeat them. Bo-bobo and the gang battle their way through the empire, but when Bo-bobo reaches the second-to-last floor, he comes face to face with Bebebe-be Be-bebe, one of his older and powerful brothers. Though Be-bebe was one of Bo-bobo s nicer siblings, he is still loyal to the empire, and tries to defeat Bo-bobo regardless of their past. Bo-bobo defeats him though, by turning his sunglasses upside down, and unleashing a new power. After the fall of his brother, Bo-bobo and Don Patch team up to defeat Hydrate. Bo-bobo unleashes the full power of his jacket and Don Patch ascends to Ikarin Patch. With their power put together, Hydrate is outmatched, but the two argue about who will defeat Hydrate. Although Don Patch wins by winning in a bonsai cutting contest, he winds up merely holding Hydrate off, while Bo-bobo partakes in some last minute training. When his training is finished, Bo-bobo gains a powerful new move, and defeats Hydrate with one punch.

Return to the Hair Kingdom

A short while after the empire is defeated, Hatenko convinces Bo-bobo to defeat another of his older brothers, Bibibi-bi Bi-bibi, who has rebuilt the Hair Kingdom. Once inside, Bo-bobo sees how awfully his brother treats the civilians and how cruel his district leaders are. He makes it mission to put an end to his brother. Along the way, he meets his older sister, Bububu-bu Bu-bubu and finds that Be-bebe has followed him to the hair kingdom. They join his party and take down every district general they can find. Once facing Bi-bibi, Bo-bobo reveals that he had always intended to come back and fight Bi-bibi, as it was he who betrayed the Hair Kingdom, and instructed the Maruhage Empire to attack, all because Bo-bobo was next in line for Hair King. Bi-bibi proves to be the most cruel and difficult adversary Bo-bobo has ever had, as Bi-bibi kills their sister Bu-bubu, and kills Bo-bobo too. While dead, Bo-bobo meets Landmine Dandy Torpedo Girl s father, and he revives Bo-bobo by giving him a Landmine Ball to replace his Hair Ball. With his new and improved power, Bo-bobo thrashes Bi-bibi around and almost kills him with his crazy techniques, but he decides to let him live in the end It turns out that Bi-bibi has two children, and while he is evil, he is a good father to them. Bo-bobo spares his brother and leaves. His siblings somehow revive themselves after Bo-bobo wins the fight.

After throwing a huge party in celebration of his battles, Bo-bobo learns that Tsurulina III survived their encounter. Not only that, but he killed Bi-bibi and stole his hair ball shortly after Bo-bobo beat him. Bo-bobo leaves to go train for an entire year, setting the stage for Shinsetsu Bobobo-bo Bo-bobo.

Relationships

Despite his eccentricities, he has a large group of friends that he cares for very deeply. Having grown up with Tokoro Tennusuke, Gunkun and Hatenko, they all know each other pretty well though this not often touched upon besides Bobobo and Hatenko. Bobobo often retains his serious nature with Hatenko. Despite thier past, Bobobo has admitted to Gunkun that he is his best friend. He also kept his word to Tokoro to help set him straight if he went down the wrong road.

The first friend that we see of Bobobo on-screen is Beauty. Beauty appears to be the one person Bobobo cannot let stand be injured and has stated that he will destory anyone who hurts Beauty. He cares deeply about her. In return, Beauty idolized Bobobo and sees him as a grea hero despite his massive weirdness and him getting on her nerves, Bobobo also has a similair relationship with Heppokomaru as Bobobo acted as somewhat of a mentor to and was very angry when Giga turned him into a statue. This is similair with Suzu as he was enraged when Halekulani turned her into a coin. She also respects his power and is on friendly terms with him for avenging Gunkan.

Bobobo has a powerful and close bond with Don Patch despite Bobobo often using Don Patch as a weapon or shield. This may a Hajike matter though. This is often shared with Tokoro Tennusuke. The two seem to form a strange duo because of their personality. Bobobo has this to a lesser extent with Tennusuke though he still cares for both of them. He often uses Dengakuman as a projectile though Bobobo views him as a friend for havign taught Dengakuman the power of friendship. Bobobo has a more serious and stable friendship with Softon with both carign for beauty.

Regaridng family, he was close to Bebebe and Bububu, his older brother and sister while the three of them lived in fear from Bababa and Bibibi, the two oldest brothers. They all use a Super Fist based on hair. Bobobo evntually challenged Bebebe when he encoutnered hom during the Reverse Maruhage Empire arc and then later Bibibi in the Hair Kingdom Arc. Bobobo s relationship with his nieces, Vita and Min is unknown he cares about them enough to spare Bibibi as despite Bibibi s cruetly toward his kingdom and siblings, he is a good father.

Trivia

As a kid, Bobobo s hair considered him to be a freak.

Bo-bobo directs small micro-movies in his own movie theater Bo-bobo Gekijou Bo-BoBo Theater, but also called other names in the dub. These movies hardly ever related to the events at hand, and the audience consisted of nothing but animals

His worst nightmare is playing basketball with kangaroos.

His soul is in the shape of bread.

He apparently has some control over an army of stuffed teddy bears which are seen in many of the earlier episodes.

There is an apparently large colony of tiny humans and humanoid boogers living in his nose. They sometimes aid him in battle.

He is a playable character in Jump Superstars and Jump Ultimate Stars.

In Shinsetsu Bobobo-bo Bo-bobo, Bo-bobo wears a red shirt.

For some reason, Bo-bobo actually believes that Don Patch is the main character.

Coincidentally, Bobo in Spanish means stupid.

At some point, Bo-bobo met a hair hunter named Tomohiro, and the two became friends.

In chapter 104 of the manga, Yugi Mutou from the manga Yu-Gi-Oh. makes an appearance where he comes out of Bo-bobo s afro and summons the Egyptian god Saint Dragon - God of Osiris

His skeleton has been seen as a Tyrannosaurus skeleton After Captain Battleships Rooty-Tooty Snot-Fo-Yu: Welcome to Bony Island. and a fish bone After Wild Wisters Planting Seeds attack caused man eating flower to grow out of Bo-bobo s jacket.

Microsoft Xlsx Odbc Driver

RODBC and Excel 2010 xlsx. Hi List, just to know if the issue is only a problem of mine or if it is a general issue due to the new MS Office pack. I m using R 2.11.1.

This download will install a set of components that can be used to facilitate transfer of data between 2010 Microsoft Office System files and non-Microsoft Office.

Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet application developed by Microsoft for Microsoft Windows and Mac OS. It features calculation, graphing tools, pivot tables, and a macro programming language called Visual Basic for Applications. It has been a very widely applied spreadsheet for these platforms, especially since version 5 in 1993, and it has replaced Lotus 1-2-3 as the industry standard for spreadsheets. Excel forms part of Microsoft Office.

Contents

1 Features

1.1 Basic operation

1.2 Macro programming

1.2.1 VBA programming

1.2.2 History

1.3 Charts

2 Data Storage and Communication

2.1 Number of rows and columns

2.2 File formats

2.2.1 Binary

2.2.2 XML Spreadsheet

2.2.3 Standard file-extensions

2.2.4 Office Open XML

2.3 Using other Windows applications

2.4 Using external data

2.5 Export and migration of spreadsheets

2.6 Password protection

3 Quirks

3.1 Statistical functions

3.2 Excel MOD function error

3.3 Date problems

3.4 Filenames

3.5 Numeric precision

4 Versions

4.1 Early History

4.2 Microsoft Windows

4.2.1 1987 Excel 2.0 for Windows

4.2.2 1990 Excel 3.0

4.2.3 1992 Excel 4.0

4.2.4 1993 Excel 5.0

4.2.5 1995 Excel for Windows 95 version 7.0

4.2.6 1997 Excel 97 version 8.0

4.2.7 1999 Excel 2000 version 9.0

4.2.8 2001 Excel 2002 version 10

4.2.9 2003 Excel 2003 version 11

4.2.10 2007 Excel 2007 version 12

4.2.11 2010 Excel 2010 version 14

4.2.12 2013 Excel 2013 version 15

4.2.13 Notes on version numbers

4.3 Apple Macintosh

4.4 OS/2

5 Trademark Dispute

6 Impact

7 See also

8 References

9 General references

10 External links

Features edit

Basic operation edit

Main article: Spreadsheet

Microsoft Excel has the basic features of all spreadsheets, 2 using a grid of cells arranged in numbered rows and letter-named columns to organize data manipulations like arithmetic operations. It has a battery of supplied functions to answer statistical, engineering and financial needs. In addition, it can display data as line graphs, histograms and charts, and with a very limited three-dimensional graphical display. It allows sectioning of data to view its dependencies on various factors for different perspectives using pivot tables and the scenario manager. 3 It has a programming aspect, Visual Basic for Applications, allowing the user to employ a wide variety of numerical methods, for example, for solving differential equations of mathematical physics, 4 5 and then reporting the results back to the spreadsheet. It also has a variety of interactive features allowing user interfaces that can completely hide the spreadsheet from the user, so the spreadsheet presents itself as a so-called application, or decision support system DSS, via a custom-designed user interface, for example, a stock analyzer, 6 or in general, as a design tool that asks the user questions and provides answers and reports. 7 8 9 In a more elaborate realization, an Excel application can automatically poll external databases and measuring instruments using an update schedule, 10 analyze the results, make a Word report or Power Point slide show, and e-mail these presentations on a regular basis to a list of participants.

Use of a user-defined function sq x in Microsoft Excel. The named variables x y are identified in the Name Manager. The function sq is introduced using the Visual Basic editor supplied with Excel.

Subroutine in Excel calculates the square of named column variable x read from the spreadsheet, and writes it into the named column variable y.

Graph made using Microsoft Excel

Microsoft allows for a number of optional command-line switches to control the manner in which Excel starts. 11

Macro programming edit

VBA programming edit

Main article: Visual basic for applications

The Windows version of Excel supports programming through Microsoft s Visual Basic for Applications VBA, which is a dialect of Visual Basic. Programming with VBA allows spreadsheet manipulation that is awkward or impossible with standard spreadsheet techniques. Programmers may write code directly using the Visual Basic Editor VBE, which includes a window for writing code, debugging code, and code module organization environment. The user can implement numerical methods as well as automating tasks such as formatting or data organization in VBA 12 and guide the calculation using any desired intermediate results reported back to the spreadsheet.

VBA was removed from Mac Excel 2008, as the developers did not believe that a timely release would allow porting the VBA engine natively to Mac OS X. VBA was restored in the next version, Mac Excel 2011. 13

A common and easy way to generate VBA code is by using the Macro Recorder. 14 The Macro Recorder records actions of the user and generates VBA code in the form of a macro. These actions can then be repeated automatically by running the macro. The macros can also be linked to different trigger types like keyboard shortcuts, a command button or a graphic. The actions in the macro can be executed from these trigger types or from the generic toolbar options. The VBA code of the macro can also be edited in the VBE. Certain features such as loop functions and screen prompts by their own properties, and some graphical display items, cannot be recorded, but must be entered into the VBA module directly by the programmer. Advanced users can employ user prompts to create an interactive program, or react to events such as sheets being loaded or changed.

Users should be aware that using Macro Recorded code may not be compatible from one version of Excel to another. Some code that is used in Excel 2010 can not be used in Excel 2003. Making a Macro that changes the cell colors and making changes to other aspects of cells may not be backward compatible.

VBA code interacts with the spreadsheet through the Excel Object Model, 15 a vocabulary identifying spreadsheet objects, and a set of supplied functions or methods that enable reading and writing to the spreadsheet and interaction with its users for example, through custom toolbars or command bars and message boxes. User-created VBA subroutines execute these actions and operate like macros generated using the macro recorder, but are more flexible and efficient.

History edit

From its first version Excel supported end user programming of macros automation of repetitive tasks and user defined functions extension of Excel s built-in function library. In early versions of Excel these programs were written in a macro language whose statements had formula syntax and resided in the cells of special purpose macro sheets stored with file extension. XLM in Windows. XLM was the default macro language for Excel through Excel 4.0. 16 Beginning with version 5.0 Excel recorded macros in VBA by default but with version 5.0 XLM recording was still allowed as an option. After version 5.0 that option was discontinued. All versions of Excel, including Excel 2010 are capable of running an XLM macro, though Microsoft discourages their use. 17

Charts edit

Excel supports charts, graphs, or histograms generated from specified groups of cells. The generated graphic component can either be embedded within the current sheet, or added as a separate object.

These displays are dynamically updated if the content of cells change. For example, suppose that the important design requirements are displayed visually; then, in response to a user s change in trial values for parameters, the curves describing the design change shape, and their points of intersection shift, assisting the selection of the best design.

Data Storage and Communication edit

Number of rows and columns edit

Versions of Excel up to 7.0 had a limitation in the size of their data sets of 16K 214 16384 rows. Versions 8.0 through 11.0 could handle 64K 216 65536 rows and 256 columns 28 as label IV. Version 12.0 can handle 1M 220 1048576 rows, and 16384 214 as label XFD columns. 18

File formats edit

Microsoft Excel up until 2007 version used a proprietary binary file format called Excel Binary File Format . XLS as its primary format. 20 Excel 2007 uses Office Open XML as its primary file format, an XML-based format that followed after a previous XML-based format called XML Spreadsheet XMLSS, first introduced in Excel 2002. 21

Although supporting and encouraging the use of new XML-based formats as replacements, Excel 2007 remained backwards-compatible with the traditional, binary formats. In addition, most versions of Microsoft Excel can read CSV, DBF, SYLK, DIF, and other legacy formats. Support for some older file formats was removed in Excel 2007. 22 The file formats were mainly from DOS-based programs.

Binary edit

OpenOffice.org has created documentation of the Excel format. 23 Since then Microsoft made the Excel binary format specification available to freely download. 24

XML Spreadsheet edit

Main article: Microsoft Office XML formats

The XML Spreadsheet format introduced in Excel 2002 21 is a simple, XML based format missing some more advanced features like storage of VBA macros. Though the intended file extension for this format is. xml, the program also correctly handles XML files with. xls extension. This feature is widely used by third-party applications e.g. MySQL Query Browser to offer export to Excel capabilities without implementing binary file format. The following example will be correctly opened by Excel if saved either as Book1.xml or Book1.xls:

version 1.0.

xmlns urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet

xmlns:o urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office

xmlns:x urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel

xmlns:ss urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet

xmlns:html

ss:Name Sheet1

ss:ExpandedColumnCount 2 ss:ExpandedRowCount 2 x:FullColumns 1 x:FullRows 1

ss:Type String Name

ss:Type String Example

ss:Type String Value

ss:Type Number 123

Standard file-extensions edit

Format

Extension

Description

Spreadsheet

.xls

Main spreadsheet format which holds data in worksheets, charts, and macros

Add-in VBA

.xla

Adds custom functionality; written in VBA

Toolbar

.xlb

The file extension where Microsoft Excel custom toolbar settings are stored.

Chart

.xlc

A chart created with data from a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet that only saves the chart. To save the chart and spreadsheet save as. XLS. XLC is not supported in Excel 2007 or in any newer versions of Excel.

Dialog

.xld

Used in older versions of Excel.

Archive

.xlk

A backup of an Excel Spreadsheet

Add-in DLL

.xll

Adds custom functionality; written in C /C, Visual Basic, Fortran, etc. and compiled in to a special dynamic-link library

Macro

.xlm

A macro is created by the user or pre-installed with Excel.

Template

.xlt

A pre-formatted spreadsheet created by the user or by Microsoft Excel.

Module

.xlv

A module is written in VBA Visual Basic for Applications for Microsoft Excel

Library

.DLL

Code written in VBA may access functions in a DLL, typically this is used to access the Windows API

Workspace

.xlw

Arrangement of the windows of multiple Workbooks

Office Open XML edit

Main article: Office Open XML

Microsoft Excel 2007, along with the other products in the Microsoft Office 2007 suite, introduced new file formats. The first of these . xlsx is defined in the Office Open XML OOXML specification.

The new Excel 2007 formats are:

New Excel 2007 formats

Excel Workbook

.xlsx

The default Excel 2007 workbook format. In reality a ZIP compressed archive with a directory structure of XML text documents. Functions as the primary replacement for the former binary. xls format, although it does not support Excel macros for security reasons.

Excel Macro-enabled Workbook

.xlsm

As Excel Workbook, but with macro support.

Excel Binary Workbook

.xlsb

As Excel Macro-enabled Workbook, but storing information in binary form rather than XML documents for opening and saving documents more quickly and efficiently. Intended especially for very large documents with tens of thousands of rows, and/or several hundreds of columns.

Excel Macro-enabled Template

.xltm

A template document that forms a basis for actual workbooks, with macro support. The replacement for the old. xlt format.

Excel Add-in

.xlam

Excel add-in to add extra functionality and tools. Inherent macro support because of the file purpose.

Excel 2010 continues with these new formats.

Using other Windows applications edit

Windows applications such as Microsoft Access and Microsoft Word, as well as Excel can communicate with each other and use each other s capabilities. The most common are Dynamic Data Exchange: although strongly deprecated by Microsoft, this is a common method to send data between applications running on Windows, with official MS publications referring to it as the protocol from hell. 25 As the name suggests, it allows applications to supply data to others for calculation and display. It is very common in financial markets, being used to connect to important financial data services such as Bloomberg and Reuters.

OLE Object Linking and Embedding: allows a Windows application to control another to enable it to format or calculate data. This may take on the form of embedding where an application uses another to handle a task that it is more suited to, for example a Powerpoint presentation may be embedded in an Excel spreadsheet or vice versa. 26 27 28 29

Using external data edit

Excel users can access external data sources via Microsoft Office features such as for example . odc connections built with the Office Data Connection file format. Excel files themselves may be updated using a Microsoft supplied ODBC driver.

Excel can accept data in real time through several programming interfaces, which allow it to communicate with many data sources such as Bloomberg and Reuters through addins such as Power Plus Pro.

DDE : Dynamic Data Exchange uses the message passing mechanism in Windows to allow data to flow between Excel and other applications. Although it is easy for users to create such links, programming such links reliably is so difficult that Microsoft, the creators of the system, officially refer to it as the protocol from hell. 25 In spite of its many issues DDE remains the most common way for data to reach traders in financial markets.

Network DDE Extended the protocol to allow spreadsheets on different computers to exchange data. Given the view above, it is not surprising that in Vista, Microsoft no longer supports the facility. 30

Real Time Data : RTD although in many ways technically superior to DDE, has been slow to gain acceptance, since it requires non-trivial programming skills, and when first released was neither adequately documented nor supported by the major data vendors. 31 32

Alternatively, Microsoft Query provides ODBC-based browsing within Microsoft Excel. 33 34 35

Export and migration of spreadsheets edit

Programmers have produced APIs to open Excel spreadsheets in a variety of applications and environments other than Microsoft Excel. These include opening Excel documents on the web using either ActiveX controls, or plugins like the Adobe Flash Player. The Apache POI opensource project provides Java libraries for reading and writing Excel spreadsheet files. ExcelPackage is another open-source project that provides server-side generation of Microsoft Excel 2007 spreadsheets. PHPExcel is a PHP library that converts Excel5, Excel 2003, and Excel 2007 formats into objects for reading and writing within a web application. Excel Services is a current. NET developer tool that can enhance Excel s capabilities. Excel spreadsheets can be accessed from Python with DataNitro, PyXLL or the COM interface. 36

Password protection edit

Main article: Microsoft Office password protection

Microsoft Excel protection offers several types of passwords:

password to open a document 37

password to modify a document 38

password to unprotect worksheet

password to protect workbook

password to protect the sharing workbook 39

All passwords except password to open a document can be removed instantly regardless of Microsoft Excel version used to create the document. These types of passwords are used primarily for shared work on a document. Such password-protected documents are not encrypted, and a data sources from a set password is saved in a document s header. Password to protect workbook is an exception – when it is set, a document is encrypted with the standard password VelvetSweatshop, but since it is known to public, it actually does not add any extra protection to the document. The only type of password that can prevent a trespasser from gaining access to a document is password to open a document. The cryptographic strength of this kind of protection depends strongly on the Microsoft Excel version that was used to create the document.

In Microsoft Excel 95 and earlier versions, password to open is converted to a 16-bit key that can be instantly cracked. In Excel 97/2000 the password is converted to a 40-bit key, which can also be cracked very quickly using modern equipment. As regards services which use rainbow tables e.g. Password-Find, it takes up to several seconds to remove protection. In addition, password-cracking programs can brute-force attack passwords at a rate of hundreds of thousands of passwords a second, which not only lets them decrypt a document, but also find the original password.

In Excel 2003/XP the encryption is slightly better – a user can choose any encryption algorithm that is available in the system see Cryptographic Service Provider. Due to the CSP, an Excel file can t be decrypted, and thus the password to open can t be removed, though the brute-force attack speed remains quite high. Nevertheless, the older Excel 97/2000 algorithm is set by the default. 40 Therefore, users who did not changed the default settings lack reliable protection of their documents.

The situation changed fundamentally in Excel 2007, where the modern AES algorithm with a key of 128 bits started being used for decryption, and a 50,000-fold use of the hash function SHA1 reduced the speed of brute-force attacks down to hundreds of passwords per second. In Excel 2010, the strength of the protection by the default was increased two times due to the use of a 100,000-fold SHA1 to convert a password to a key.

Quirks edit

Other errors specific to Excel include misleading statistics functions, mod function errors, date limitations and the Excel 2007 error. 41

Further information: Spreadsheet Shortcomings

Statistical functions edit

The accuracy and convenience of statistical tools in Excel has been criticized, 42 43 44 45 46 as mishandling missing data, as returning incorrect values due to inept handling of round-off and large numbers, as only selectively updating calculations on a spreadsheet when some cell values are changed, and as having a limited set of statistical tools. Microsoft has announced some of these issues are addressed in Excel 2010. 47

Excel MOD function error edit

Excel has issues with modulo operations. In the case of excessively large results, Excel will return the error warning NUM. instead of an answer. 48 49

Date problems edit

Excel includes January 0, 1900 and February 29, 1900, incorrectly treating 1900 as a leap year. 50 51 The bug originated from Lotus 1-2-3, and was purposely implemented in Excel for the purpose of backward compatibility. 52 This legacy has later been carried over into Office Open XML file format. 53 Excel also does not support dates before 1900. 54

Filenames edit

Microsoft Excel will not open two documents with the same name and instead will display the following error:

A document with the name s is already open. You cannot open two documents with the same name, even if the documents are in different folders. To open the second document, either close the document that is currently open, or rename one of the documents. 55

The reason is for calculation ambiguity with linked cells. If there is a cell Book1.xlsx Sheet1. G 33, and there are two books named Book1 open, there is no way to tell which one the user means. 56

Numeric precision edit

Main article: Numeric precision in Microsoft Excel

Excel maintains 15 figures in its numbers, but they are not always accurate: the bottom line should be the same as the top line.

Despite the use of 15-figure precision, Excel can display many more figures up to thirty upon user request. But the displayed figures are not those actually used in its computations, and so, for example, the difference of two numbers may differ from the difference of their displayed values. Although such departures are usually beyond the 15th decimal, exceptions do occur, especially for very large or very small numbers. Serious errors can occur if decisions are made based upon automated comparisons of numbers for example, using the Excel If function, as equality of two numbers can be unpredictable.

In the figure the fraction 1/9000 is displayed in Excel. Although this number has a decimal representation that is an infinite string of ones, Excel displays only the leading 15 figures. In the second line, the number one is added to the fraction, and again Excel displays only 15 figures. In the third line, one is subtracted from the sum using Excel. Because the sum in the second line has only eleven 1 s after the decimal, the difference when 1 is subtracted from this displayed value is three 0 s followed by a string of eleven 1 s. However, the difference reported by Excel in the third line is three 0 s followed by a string of thirteen 1 s and two extra erroneous digits. This is because Excel calculates with about half a digit more than it displays.

Excel works with a modified 1985 version of the IEEE 754 specification. 57 Excel s implementation involves conversions between binary and decimal representations, leading to accuracy that is on average better than one would expect from simple fifteen digit precision, but that can be worse. See the main article for details.

Besides accuracy in user computations, the question of accuracy in Excel-provided functions may be raised. Particularly in the arena of statistical functions, Excel has been criticized for sacrificing accuracy for speed of calculation. 58 59

As many calculations in Excel are executed using VBA, an additional issue is the accuracy of VBA, which varies with variable type and user-requested precision. 60

Versions edit

Early History edit

Microsoft originally marketed a spreadsheet program called Multiplan in 1982. Multiplan became very popular on CP/M systems, but on MS-DOS systems it lost popularity to Lotus 1-2-3. Microsoft released the first version of Excel for the Macintosh on September 30, 1985, and the first Windows version was 2.05 to synchronize with the Macintosh version 2.2 in November 1987. 61 Lotus was slow to bring 1-2-3 to Windows and by 1988 Excel had started to outsell 1-2-3 and helped Microsoft achieve the position of leading PC software developer. This accomplishment, dethroning the king of the software world, solidified Microsoft as a valid competitor and showed its future of developing GUI software. Microsoft pushed its advantage with regular new releases, every two years or so.

Microsoft Windows edit

1987 Excel 2.0 for Windows edit

1990 Excel 3.0 edit

1992 Excel 4.0 edit

Introduced auto-fill. 62

1993 Excel 5.0 edit

Office 4.2 4.3, also a 32-bit version for Windows NT only on the x86, PowerPC, Alpha, and MIPS architectures This version of Excel includes a DOOM-like game as an Easter Egg.

With version 5.0, Excel has included Visual Basic for Applications VBA, a programming language based on Visual Basic which adds the ability to automate tasks in Excel and to provide user-defined functions UDF for use in worksheets. VBA is a powerful addition to the application and includes a fully featured integrated development environment IDE. Macro recording can produce VBA code replicating user actions, thus allowing simple automation of regular tasks. VBA allows the creation of forms and in worksheet controls to communicate with the user. The language supports use but not creation of ActiveX COM DLL s; later versions add support for class modules allowing the use of basic object-oriented programming techniques.

The automation functionality provided by VBA made Excel a target for macro viruses. This caused serious problems until antivirus products began to detect these viruses. Microsoft belatedly took steps to prevent the misuse by adding the ability to disable macros completely, to enable macros when opening a workbook or to trust all macros signed using a trusted certificate.

Versions 5.0 to 9.0 of Excel contain various Easter eggs, including a Hall of Tortured Souls, although since version 10 Microsoft has taken measures to eliminate such undocumented features from their products. 63

1995 Excel for Windows 95 version 7.0 edit

Microsoft Excel 95

Included in Office 95. Internal rewrite to 32 bits. Almost no external changes, but faster and more stable.

1997 Excel 97 version 8.0 edit

Included in Office 97 for x86 and Alpha. This was a major upgrade that introduced the paper clip office assistant and featured standard VBA used instead of internal Excel Basic. It introduced the now-removed Natural Language labels.

This version of Excel includes a flight simulator as an Easter Egg.

1999 Excel 2000 version 9.0 edit

Included in Office 2000. This was a minor upgrade, but introduced the upgrade to the clipboard where it can hold multiple objects at once. The Office Assistant, whose frequent unsolicited appearance in Excel 97 had annoyed many users, became less intrusive.

2001 Excel 2002 version 10 edit

Included in Office XP. Very minor enhancements.

2003 Excel 2003 version 11 edit

Included in Office 2003. Minor enhancements, most significant being the new Tables.

2007 Excel 2007 version 12 edit

Microsoft Excel 2007

Included in Office 2007. This release was a major upgrade from the previous version. Similar to other updated Office products, Excel in 2007 used the new Ribbon menu system. This was different from what users were used to, but the number of mouse-clicks needed to reach a given functionality were generally fewer e.g., removing gridlines only required two mouse-clicks instead of five. However, most business users agreed that the replacement of the straightforward menu system with the more convoluted ribbon dramatically reduced productivity. 64

Added functionality included the SmartArt set of editable business diagrams. Also added was an improved management of named variables through the Name Manager, and much improved flexibility in formatting graphs, which allow x, y coordinate labeling and lines of arbitrary weight. Several improvements to pivot tables were introduced.

Also like other office products, the Office Open XML file formats were introduced, including. xlsm for a workbook with macros and. xlsx for a workbook without macros. 65

Specifically, many of the size limitations of previous versions were greatly increased. To illustrate, the number of rows was now 1,048,576 220 and columns was 16,384 214; the far-right column is XFD. This changes what is a valid A1 reference versus a named range. This version made more extensive use of multiple cores for the calculation of spreadsheets; however, VBA macros are not handled in parallel and XLL add ins were only executed in parallel if they were thread-safe and this was indicated at registration.

2010 Excel 2010 version 14 edit

Microsoft Excel 2010 running on Windows 7

Included in Office 2010. Minor enhancements and 64-bit support, 66 including the following:

Multi-threading recalculation MTR for commonly used functions

Improved pivot tables

More conditional formatting options

Additional image editing capabilities

In-cell charts called sparklines

Ability to preview before pasting

Office 2010 backstage feature for document-related tasks

Ability to customize the Ribbon

Many new formulas, most highly specialized to improve accuracy 67

2013 Excel 2013 version 15 edit

Included in Office 2013. A lot of new tools have been included in this release:

Improved Multi-threading and Memory Contention

FlashFill

PowerView

PowerPivot

Timeline Slicer

Windows App

Inquire

50 new functions

Notes on version numbers edit

No MS-DOS version of Excel 1.0 for Windows ever existed: the Windows version originated at the time the Mac version was up to 2.0.

There is no Excel 6.0, because the Windows 95 version was launched with Word 7. All the Office 95 Office 4.X products have OLE 2 capacity moving data automatically from various programs and Excel 7 would show that it was contemporary with Word 7.

Version number 13 was skipped due to superstition

Apple Macintosh edit

1985 Excel 1.0

1988 Excel 1.5

1989 Excel 2.2

1990 Excel 3.0

1992 Excel 4.0

1993 Excel 5.0 part of Office 4.X Motorola 68000 version and first PowerPC version

1998 Excel 8.0 part of Office 98

2000 Excel 9.0 part of Office 2001

2001 Excel 10.0 part of Office v. X

2004 Excel 11.0 part of Office 2004

2008 Excel 12.0 part of Office 2008

2011 Excel 14.0 part of Office 2011

OS/2 edit

1990 Excel 2.3

1991 Excel 3.0

Trademark Dispute edit

Early in 1993 Excel became the target of a trademark lawsuit by another company already selling a software package named Excel in the finance industry. As the result of the dispute Microsoft had to refer to the program as Microsoft Excel in all of its formal press releases and legal documents. However, over time this practice has been ignored, and Microsoft cleared up the issue permanently when they purchased the trademark of the other program. citation needed Microsoft also encouraged the use of the letters XL as shorthand for the program citation needed ; while this is no longer common, the program s icon on Windows before Excel 2013 still consists of a stylized combination of the two letters, and the file extension of the default Excel format is. xls . xlsx in newer versions.

Impact edit

Excel offers many user interface tweaks over the earliest electronic spreadsheets; however, the essence remains the same as in the original spreadsheet software, VisiCalc: the program displays cells organized in rows and columns, and each cell may contain data or a formula, with relative or absolute references to other cells.

Excel 2.0 for Windows, which was modeled after its Mac GUI-based counterpart, indirectly expanded the installed base of the then-nascent Windows environment. Excel 2.0 was released a month before Windows 2.0, and the installed base of Windows was so low at that point in 1987 that Microsoft had to bundle a run-time version of Windows 1.0 with Excel 2.0. 68 Unlike Microsoft Word, there never was a DOS version of Excel.

Excel became the first spreadsheet to allow the user to define the appearance of spreadsheets fonts, character attributes and cell appearance. It also introduced intelligent cell recomputation, where only cells dependent on the cell being modified are updated previous spreadsheet programs recomputed everything all the time or waited for a specific user command. Excel introduced auto-fill, the ability to drag and expand the selection box to automatically copy cell or row contents to adjacent cells or rows, adjusting the copies intelligently by automatically incrementing cell references or contents. Excel also introduced extensive graphing capabilities.

Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet developed by Microsoft for Windows, Mac OS X, and iOS. It features calculation, graphing tools, pivot tables, and a macro programming.

2016-01-14

Quicktime Icod Codec

HD Video Repair Utility - утилита может восстановить и исправить сломанные или поврежденные файлы.

Codificación Descripción; 4xm: Formato de 4X Technologies: 3gp: Formato QuickTime/MPEG-4/Motion JPEG 2000: 3g2: Formato QuickTime/MPEG-4/Motion.

Download the video repair tool archive . zip, and extract the downloaded archive: a PC: right-click the. zip file in Explorer, and choose Extract all.

Valid FOURCC Codes blue FOURCC - decompression only / green - formats Notes Universal: LAV Filters v.0.63 32-bit 64-bit MKV WebM AVI MP4 MOV TS MPEG.

I have a large nearly 300 MB MOV file that was made on a Mac with Quicktime. I am only able to hear the audio; and not see the video on my PC. I believe the problem is that the file has the iCod codec, which isn t available for PC. I was wondering if anyone would be able to:

1 tell me how to convert using a PC

2 be able to convert the file and send it back to me in a PC-readable format

I am somewhat familiar with this technology, but but no means am I advanced. That is why I m coming here to get information from the experts. Thank you in advance.

Converting MOV file with iCod codec

Commonly Used Video Formats and Codecs The following lists commonly used media formats and codecs that were tested and optimized for transcoding and delivery by.

Alf FreeWare VideoCODECs Collection: AVI

L extension.mov correspond au format QuickTime, conçu par Apple. Pour lire ce type de fichiers, il faut installer le codec QuickTime sur votre PC après l avoir.

Working audio codecs: codec name: format: driver name: comments: Windows Media Audio 9 DMO: 0x162 0x163: wma9dmod.dll-Windows Media Audio DMO: 0x160.

FVFW FFDS XVID MP41 MP42 MP43 MP4V MP4S M4S2

DIV2 DIV3 DVX3 DIV4 DIV5 DIV6 DIVX DX50

AP41 COL1 3IV2 3IVX RMP4 FMP4

HDX4 DM4V DXGM WV1F H261 H263 S263 MJPG LJPG DVSD DV25

DV50 WMV1 WMV2 WMV3 WMVP WVP2 WMVA MSS1

MSS2 HFYU FFVH FFV1 FLV1 DIB VP31

MPEG MPG1

MPG2 H264 X264 AVC1 VSSH DAVC THEO SNOW AVIS MJLS JPEG AVRN MJPA

VIXL

PNG1 MPNG YV12 I420 IYUV YUY2 YVYU UYVY VYUY Y800 444P YV24 422P

YV16 411P 410P Y41B NV12

NV21 RGB2 RGB3 RGB5 RGB6 8BPS CYUV CLJR MRLE

CRAM QRLE RLE8 CRAM ASV1 ASV2 VCR1

RV10 RV20 SVQ1 SVQ3 RT21 IV31 IV32

CVID DUCK TM20 ULTI QPEG Q1_0 Q1_1 MSZH ZLIB XVIX

DIV1 BLZ0 TSCC CSCD

LOCO WNV1 ZMBV AASC FPS1 M261 M263 L263 U263 X263 VP50 VP60 VP61

VP62

VP6F FLV4 EM2V MMES CDVC CDV5 DVIS PDVC

DirectShow VfW with processing wrapper for Avisynth

built ffmpeg.

2016-01-14

Pumpkin Patch In Ames Iowa

This page provides a detailed list of Iowa s pumpkin patches, corn mazes, hay rides and other Halloween farm stuff.. Click here to see the listings of pumpkin patches.

Find the longest and biggest Corn Mazes in IOWA also make sure to Join our Facebook Page Click Here or Join our Haunted House Forums to discuss amazing corn mazes.

Nov 03, 2014 82 photos: Fall in Iowa The last bit of fall color hangs on in northeast Iowa on Saturday morning, Oct. 25, 2014 at Camp Tahigwa in Dorchester. Check out.

Latest Bay Area, California, national, international news from San Jose Mercury News, Bay Area News Group.

The Pumpkin Patch is now closed. We had a great season..

Black s Heritage Farm would like to thank everyone who came out to see us this year.

Now we are gearing up for next year. Planning and building and getting ready to go again.

Come out and visit us in the spring for a great time.

For more Information please call 515-292-1936

Planning for next season

With a great successful season behind us, it leaves us with a great feeling of thanks. We are thankfull for everyone who came to see us and spend time with us this year. Now we plan to make our pumpkin patch a better and more enjoyable event for everyone.

Our Days of Operation For Winter

By Appointment Only

Hours change again in spring

See you when the snow melts.

Find the biggest and best Pick Your Own Pumpkin Patches in Iowa. Hauntworld.com helps you find corn mazes, hayrides, zip lines, fall festivals, Halloween Attractions.

Working farm, apple orchard, and visitor attraction in Cambridge, central Iowa.

Cupcake Emporium. Right next door to The Pumpkin Patch. Stop by for a delicious cupcake or steaming cup of soup du jour.

Where in the greater metropolitan Des Moines area of Iowa to find pick your own farms and orchards for fruit, vegetables, pumpkins and canning freezing instructions.

The James H. Andrew Railroad Museum and History Center will kick off its free 2016 speaker season with the first speaker in the line up being Boone railroad artifact.